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China and Russia cooperate for safe military use of AI

In a global competition involving many countries, China and Russia are exchanging opinions on the military use of artificial intelligence (AI).

In a South China Morning Post report, the two countries compared their assessments of military use cases for AI with a focus on safety within international best practices. Discussions included the ethical implications of deploying AI for military purposes and the impact of existing international agreements.

Chinese and Russian negotiators committed to adhering to the guidelines of the Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) of the Parties to the Convention on Weapons against Inhumanity on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS).

Until the deliberations are over, both countries aim to follow the same path in developing local AI regulations. Guided by similar ethics, top military officers in Russia and China have begun integrating AI technology into systems used by their military for surveillance and other decision support systems.

“This meeting confirms the closeness of Russia’s and China’s approaches to this issue,” a Russian spokesman said. “In this area, we note the need for closer cooperation, both in a bilateral format and on relevant multilateral platforms, primarily within the GGE framework on LAWS.”

Despite similarities in ethical orientation, China has taken a hard line on AI-based autonomous weapons systems, while Russia and the United States have decided to double their investments in this field.

Common denominators can be found in the Chinese and Russian approaches to using AI for military purposes. Both parties are well aware of the risks posed by AI systems and have pledged to adopt a “cautious and responsible attitude” toward military deployment and integration with other technologies.

China and Russia want to involve more countries in global AI governance initiatives rather than developing military utilities in silos, but current geopolitical issues may hinder the negotiation process.

AI risk

In 2023, the United Nations Security Council described the risks posed by AI as similar to the threat of nuclear warheads and urged state actors to put in place appropriate guardrails for AI development.

The United Nations has warned that misuse of AI could potentially spark regional conflicts through misinformation from deepfakes. Despite dire warnings, several countries, including Russia, China, the UK, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia, are stepping up GPU supplies amid the so-called AI race.

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